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Sardinia's Secret To Longevity: Genetics, Diet and Lifestyle

Sep 7, 20162 min read

Updated: Jan 30

Sardinia's Secret to Longevity: Genetics, Diet, and Lifestyle

By Master Chef Gianluca Deiana Abis

Sardinia, a picturesque Mediterranean island, is home to some of the longest-living people in the world, with an unusually high concentration of centenarians. The village of Villagrande Strisaili, located in the Barbagia region, is particularly famous for its high rate of longevity. But what makes Sardinia so special?

Genetics: A Key Factor

While diet and lifestyle play a large role, genetics contribute significantly to the longevity seen in Sardinia. Studies have revealed that many Sardinians share genetic traits that help them stay healthy longer, specifically related to their cardiovascular and immune systems. These genetic predispositions work in harmony with their healthy lifestyle choices, creating a strong foundation for their long life.

Diet: The Heart of Longevity

Sardinians follow a Mediterranean diet that is rich in fresh, local produce, lean meats, and healthy fats, offering a well-balanced nutritional profile.

Fruits and Vegetables: Sardinians consume a large quantity of seasonal vegetables, including tomatoes, peppers, artichokes, and kale, which are packed with antioxidants.
Legumes: Beans, lentils, and chickpeas are staple sources of protein.
Whole Grains: Pane Carasau, a traditional flatbread, and other whole grains are frequently consumed.
Fish: Sardinia's coastal location provides ample access to fish like tuna, anchovies, and sardines, known for their heart-healthy omega-3 fatty acids.
Healthy Fats: Olive oil is used abundantly, providing healthy monounsaturated fats that reduce the risk of heart disease.
Red Wine: Perhaps the most famous aspect of Sardinian longevity is their daily consumption of Cannonau, a robust red wine packed with antioxidants like resveratrol, believed to contribute to heart health.

A unique aspect of the Sardinian diet is the consumption of minestrone (a vegetable soup) and porceddu (roast suckling pig), both cooked in traditional ways that preserve nutrients and flavor.

Lifestyle: Community and Environment

Sardinia’s environment also plays a crucial role in its longevity. The island's rugged landscape promotes physical activity such as walking, hiking, and farming. The inhabitants of Sardinia lead active lifestyles well into their senior years, thanks to the absence of large cities and a slower pace of life that encourages outdoor activities.

The strong social structure in Sardinia is another vital factor. Sardinians live in close-knit communities where family ties are highly valued. This sense of belonging and community support contributes to emotional well-being, which has been shown to promote longer, healthier lives.

Average Age of Sardinians

The average life expectancy for men and women in Sardinia is notably high, with women living on average to 90 years old and men often reaching into their late 80s. The world’s highest concentration of male centenarians can also be found here, particularly in villages like Villagrande Strisaili, where more than 1 in 1,000 men live to 100.

In conclusion, the longevity of Sardinians is a result of a perfect blend of genetics, diet, and lifestyle. Their unique combination of healthy, nutrient-rich foods, physical activity, and strong social bonds is an ideal example of how living simply and authentically can lead to a long, healthy life.

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